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| [Paternal] | something that originates from the father
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| ['p' arm] | eachchromosome is divided into two parts, joined by the centromere. the 'p' arm is the shorter of the two segments and is at the top of the chromosome. the longer segment is called the ¡®q¡¯ arm.
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| [Organ] | a group of different types of tisues that may have different tasks but all work together towards the functioning of the organ. the heart, lungs and stomach are all examples of organs. |
| [Ovum] | the female reproductive cell, also called the egg. the ovum carries 23 chromosomes, 22 autosomes and an x chromosome. the ovum fuses with the sperm at conception to produce an embryo.
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| [Nullisomic] | describes a cell in which there are no copies of a specific chromosome
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| [Non-disjunction] | whena chromosome pair fails to separate correctly during cell division, resulting in daughter cells which have missing or extra chromosomes.
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| [Mutation] | processby which gene experiences a change.
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| [Mosaic] | an individual who has some cells with an abnormal or unusual genetic or chromosomal makeup while the rest of the cells in the body have the typical genetic or chromosomal constitution.
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| [Morula] | one of the earliest stages of a fertilized egg, when there are 12 to 15 blastomeres.
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| [Monosomy] | a condition where a cell has one less chromosome than the normal complement, for a total of 45 chromosomes.
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